John Reuben Thompson
Major-General Scott
An order had got
To push on the columns to Richmond;
For loudly went forth,
From all parts of the North,
The cry that an end of the war must be made
In time for the regular yearly Fall Trade:
Mr. Greeley spoke freely about the delay,
The Yankees “to hum” were all hot for the fray;
The chivalrous Grow
Declared they were slow,
And therefore the order
To march from the border
And make an excursion to Richmond.
Major-General Scott
Most likely was not
Very loth to obey this instruction, I wot;
In his private opinion
The Ancient Dominion
Deserved to be pillaged, her sons to be shot,
And the reason is easily noted;
Though this part of the earth
Had given him birth,
And medals and swords,
Inscribed with fine words,
It never for Winfield had voted.
Besides, you must know that our First of Commanders
Had sworn, quite as hard as the Army in Flanders,
With his finest of armies and proudest of navies,
To wreak his old grudge against Jefferson Davis.
Then “forward the column,” he said to McDowell;
And the Zouaves, with a shout,
Most fiercely cried out,
“To Richmond or h–ll” (I omit here the vowel),
And Winfield, he ordered his carriage and four,
A dashing turn-out, to be brought to the door,
For a pleasant excursion to Richmond.
Major-General Scott
Had there on the spot
A splendid array
To plunder and slay;
In the camp he might boast
Such a numerous host,
As he never had yet
In the battle-field set;
Every class and condition of Northern society
Were in for the trip, a most varied variety:
In the camp he might hear every lingo in vogue,
“The sweet German accent, the rich Irish brogue.”
The buthiful boy
From the banks of the Shannon,
Was there to employ
His excellent cannon;
And besides the long files of dragoons and artillery.
The Zouaves and Hussars,
All the children of Mars,
There were barbers and cooks
And writers of books,–
The _chef de cuisine_ with his French bills of fare,
And the artists to dress the young officers’ hair.
And the scribblers all ready at once to prepare
An eloquent story
Of conquest and glory;
And servants with numberless baskets of Sillery,
Though Wilson, the Senator, followed the train,
At a distance quite safe, to “conduct the _champagne_:”
While the fields were so green and the sky was so blue,
There was certainly nothing more pleasant to do
On this pleasant excursion to Richmond.
In Congress the talk, as I said, was of action,
To crush out _instanter_ the traitorous faction.
In the press, and the mess,
They would hear nothing less
Than to make the advance, spite of rhyme or of reason,
And at once put an end to the insolent treason.
There was Greeley,
And Ely,
The bloodthirsty Grow,
And Hickman (the rowdy, not Hickman the beau),
And that terrible Baker
Who would seize on the South, every acre,
And Webb, who would drive us all into the Gulf, or
Some nameless locality smelling of sulphur;
And with all this bold crew
Nothing would do,
While the fields were so green and the sky was so blue,
But to march on directly to Richmond.
Then the gallant McDowell
Drove madly the rowel
Of spur that had never been “won” by him,
In the flank of his steed,
To accomplish a deed,
Such as never before had been done by him;
And the battery called Sherman’s
Was wheeled into line,
While the beer-drinking Germans,
From Neckar and Rhine,
With minie and yager,
Came on with a swagger,
Full of fury and lager,
(The day and the pageant were equally fine.)
Oh! the fields were so green and the sky was so blue,
Indeed ’twas a spectacle pleasant to view,
As the column pushed onward to Richmond.
Ere the march was begun,
In a spirit of fun,
General Scott in a speech
Said this army should teach
The Southrons the lesson the laws to obey,
And just before dusk of the third or fourth day,
Should joyfully march into Richmond.
He spoke of their drill
And their courage and skill,
And declared that the ladies of Richmond would rave
O’er such matchless perfection, and gracefully wave
In rapture their delicate kerchiefs in air
At their morning parades on the Capitol Square.
But alack! and alas!
Mark what soon came to pass,
When this army, in spite of his flatteries,
Amid war’s loudest thunder
Must stupidly blunder
Upon those accursed “masked batteries.”
Then Beauregard came,
Like a tempest of flame,
To consume them in wrath
On their perilous path;
And Johnston bore down in a whirlwind to sweep
Their ranks from the field
Where their doom had been sealed,
As the storm rushes over the face of the deep;
While swift on the centre our President pressed.
And the foe might descry
In the glance of his eye
The light that once blazed upon Diomed’s crest.
McDowell! McDowell! weep, weep for the day.
When the Southrons you meet in their battle array;
To your confident hosts with its bullets and steel
‘Twas worse than Culloden to luckless Lochiel.
Oh! the generals were green and old Scott is now blue,
And a terrible business, McDowell, to you,
Was that pleasant excursion to Richmond.
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Analysis (AI Assisted)
This poem is a long, biting piece of wartime satire aimed squarely at the early Union leadership and the public mood that pushed for a quick, triumphant march on Richmond. It is clearly written after the reality of that first major campaign set in, and it uses hindsight as a weapon. The poet is less interested in battlefield tactics than in exposing overconfidence, political pressure, and the almost carnival-like atmosphere that surrounded the opening months of the war.
One of the poem’s strongest features is how it captures the disconnect between expectation and outcome. The early stanzas read almost like a travelogue or parade description. The march is framed as an “excursion,” a word that never stops carrying irony. Politicians, journalists, senators, cooks, artists, and servants appear alongside soldiers, giving the impression of a spectacle rather than an army preparing for real combat. The repetition of pleasant imagery—the green fields, the blue sky—keeps reinforcing how unprepared everyone is for what lies ahead. War is treated as an event that can be scheduled around trade cycles and newspaper deadlines.
The poem is openly partisan and aggressive in tone. Figures like Scott, McDowell, Greeley, and members of Congress are named directly and mocked without restraint. The poet portrays them as reckless, self-important, or driven by grudges rather than strategy. This direct naming gives the poem a sharp edge and places it firmly in its historical moment. It reads less like abstract commentary and more like a political broadside in verse. That immediacy is one of its strengths, though it also means the poem assumes the reader knows the players and events of the First Battle of Bull Run.
Stylistically, the poem leans heavily on rhythm, rhyme, and repetition to keep its long narrative moving. The repeated return to “that pleasant excursion to Richmond” works as a refrain that grows darker with each appearance. Early on it sounds boastful and carefree; by the end it becomes bitter and humiliating. The language is energetic and often exaggerated, which suits the satirical aim. Subtlety is not the goal here. The poet wants the reader to feel the foolish momentum that carried the Union army forward and then the sudden collapse of those illusions.
When the poem finally turns to battle, the shift is abrupt and effective. The tone hardens, and the earlier humor drains away. The appearance of Confederate commanders and “masked batteries” marks the moment when fantasy gives way to violence. The defeat is presented as inevitable, not because the soldiers lacked courage, but because the entire enterprise was built on arrogance and political noise. The closing lines drive home the cost of that mindset, turning the earlier jokes into accusations.
Overall, this poem works best as a document of disillusionment. It records how quickly early-war optimism curdled into blame and anger, and it preserves a Southern perspective that saw Union failure as both deserved and predictable. Its length and density can be demanding, but that sprawl also mirrors the chaos and overreach it criticizes. Rather than offering reflection or reconciliation, the poem aims to wound, mock, and remember—and in that, it succeeds.